DMAE (Dimethylaminoethanol)
Facial sagging is probably one of the most distressing results of skin aging. DMAE (dimethlaminoethanol) is unlike many other anti-aging skin care ingredients in that it is one of the few that has been shown to actually firm and tighten the skin. DMAE is a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a compound that is necessary for the cellular communication required for proper cognitive functioning. Hence, DMAE has been used extensively for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Only recently has its skin firming properties been discovered and to date, its reason for doing so remain unclear.
One possible explanation for DMAE improving facial sagging suggests that it works by stimulating muscle contraction. Since acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that sends signals between nerve cells and muscle fibers, it is thought that an increase in acetylcholine increases muscle contractions in the face. As a result, the muscle fibers shorten and the skin tightens. Surgical face lifts work in the same manner except that cosmetic surgeons physically cut the muscle fibers in order to shorten and tighten them. Another hypothesis suggests that DMAE improves facial sagging by hydrating the connective tissues, giving the skin a more taut appearance.
Although we do not know precisely how DMAE works to reduce facial sagging, studies have shown that it is indeed effective. In one study, a group of patients applied a 3% DMAE gel to one side of their face and a placebo gel to the other. Forty five minutes later, researchers measured the subjects for both skin hydration and firmness. Although both gels improved skin hydration, only the DMAE treated skin exhibited increased tensile strength indicating that the topical application of 3% DMAE firms the skin and reduces facial sagging.
In addition to being a skin-firming agent, DMAE is also believed to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well. It has also been reported that DMAE may reduce the appearance of age spots.